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講演題目

An Introduction to Chemical Evolution of Galaxies

詳細
開催日 2019年6月24日(月)
開催時間 16:10 - 16:50
開催都市 兵庫県神戸市
場所

R-CCS 6階講堂

使用言語 発表・スライド共に英語
登壇者

平居 悠

粒子系シミュレータ研究チーム、基礎科学特別研究員

写真:平居 悠

講演要旨

Galactic chemical evolution studies the enrichment histories of elements in the Universe. At the time of the Big Bang, the Universe consists of hydrogen, helium, and lithium. However, we are now living in the Universe with various kinds of elements. Most of the elements are synthesized in stars and distributed to space when a star ends its life.
These elements are inherited to the next generation stars. Elemental abundances of stars, therefore, reflect the nucleosynthetic histories in the galaxy. In the first part of this talk, I will show how the observed elemental abundances of stars in the Milky Way and satellite dwarf galaxies preserve information about their enrichment histories. In the Milky Way, the distribution of elements is different among old and new stars. The second part of this presentation focuses on the modeling of galaxy evolution. Hydrodynamic simulations of galaxies are presently a powerful tool to study galactic chemical evolution. It can self-consistently follow the formation of galaxies and the enrichment histories of elements. The last part discusses the enrichment of elements heavier than iron. The origin of elements synthesized by a rapid neutron-capture process such as europium, platinum, and gold is a long-standing problem in astronomy. Recently, binary neutron star mergers have been detected by the gravitational wave observations. I will show that they can be the source of such elements in galaxies. I will also present the future prospects of the studies of galactic chemical evolution.

(2019年6月18日)